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(No Mabel. 2 Shees8heet 1 W. S. SHERMAN & W. K. MOORE.

1 PNEUMATIC DENTAL PLUGGER. N0. 36'7,072. Patented July 26,,188'2..

5 woe/n how) @313 Hui/L 61m N PETERS, Pholo-Lilhngmphon Washington D. C,

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

' W. S. SHERMAN & W. K. MOORE.

I PNEUMATIC DENTAL PLUGGER.

No. 367,072. Patented July 26, 1887.

N, bums Phulu-Lilhegnphun Wuhingwn. D. c

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WISCONSIN, ASSIGNORS TO WILLIAM G. WILSON, OF SAME PLACE.

PNEUMATIC .DENTA L mucosa.

SPECIPICATIONforming part of Letters Patent No. 367,072, dated July 26, 1887.

Application filed August 31, 1886. Serial No. 212,323. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be i t known that we, WILLISSHELDON SHER- MAN and WALTER K. MOORE, citizens of the United States, residing at Marinette, in the county of Marinette and State of Wisconsin,

. n have invented a new and useful Improvement in Pneumatic Dental Pluggers, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to improvemen s in :1 pneumatic dental pluggers; and it consists of thepeculiar combination and novel constructlon and arrangement of the various parts for service, substantially as hereinafter fully described, and specifically pointed out in the 1 claims.

Our invention has for its object to provide an improved dental plugging apparatus which can be applied to and operated by the driving or motive power of an ordinary dental engine,

.;- and which Will insure a steady and uniform ting the apparatus under complete and easy control; and, finally,'to provide an improved dental plugger which shall possess superior advantages over others that have preceded it in points of simplicity, strength, and durability of construction, efficiency and ease of operation, and cheapness of manufacture.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a pneumatic dentalplugger embodying our invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a dental engine with'our improved plugger applied thereto. Fig.2 is an end elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is an enlarged detached view in side elevation of the air-pump, the treadle, and the intermediate connections. Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view through the airpump and the connections with the treadleon the line 00 x of Fig 3. Fig. 5 is a detail view of the treadle in bottom plan. Fig. 6 is an enlarged view .in elevation of the plugger and filling-point. Fig. 7 is a central longitudinal sectional view thereof. Fig. 8 is adetail view of the point used in filling a cavity located in the back of a-tooth. I

Referring to the drawings, in which like letters of reference denote corresponding parts in all the figures, A designates an ordinary dental engine of any approved or preferred pattern, and which may be briefly described as follows:' Upon a base, B, is hung or pivoted a foot-trcadle, 0, having an upwardly-projecting arm, 0, extending around the back of the heel-plate. This treadle is connected with a band-wheel, D, by an intermediate link or pitman, O, a standard, B, being affixed in any suitable manner to the base and carrying the said band-wheel D near its lower end and the'mechanism for operating a dental drill at or near its upper end; but as no novelty is herein claimed on the dental engine We have not dccmedit necessary to more fully show and describe the same, it being understood that our improvements are applicable to all.

classes of dental engines.

We will now proceed to describe the construction and relative'arrangement of the several parts of our improved dental plugger.

E designates the cylinder of the air-pump,

which is provided at its upper end with a closed head, 6, and a projecting hanger or plate, e, through a transverse opening in which passes a binding-screw, e, that is rigidly affixed to the standard Bof the dental engine at a point thereon near the baud-wheel, so that the said cylinder is suspended from the stand ard of the engine A. The closed head 6 of the cylinder E is provided with a threaded opeuing, 6 which is normally closed by a thumbscrew, e, and through the said head 0 passes an exhaust or suction tube or nipple, f, to which is connected in any suitable manner the supply-pipe F of the plugger, as more fully described presently. The lower end of the airpump cylinder E is left open, as shown, and in the cylinder works or reciprocates a piston, G, through which passes and to which is connected a hollow tubular piston-rod, g, which has an air-channel, 0, or passage to admit air to the cylinder E in front of the piston therein. I

The operating-treadle O of the dental engine has an integral depending lip, d, on its under side, and the lower face of this lip is smoothed to provide or form avalve'seat. On its side the treadle is further provided with an integral hollow boss, (1, which is threaded interiorly, and this boss is arranged at right angles to the depending lip of the treadle, an air-passage, (1 being formed through the lip d and opening at its inner extremity into a short air-passage, 11, formed in the boss 11.

G designates a journal-box which bears against the boss of the treadle, and through a transverse opening in this box passes a journal-pin, H, which is exteriorly threaded at itsinner end and is screwed into the hol- 10w boss (1 of the oscillating treadle. The outer end of this journal-pin is provided with an enlarged head, h, which bears against the journal-box and serves to prevent displacement of the latter, and this pin is further provided with longitudinal and transverse passagesorboreshh",respectively,thelongitudinal passage beingin lineand communicating with theshortpassage d" ofthebossd', and the shorter transverse passageJfi, opening into the passage or chamber of a hollow lug, 9, that is formed upon the journal-box G. This lug g is interiorly screw-threaded, and into it is screwed the lower threaded end of the hollow pistonrod, and it will be seen that the several passages or chambers in the piston-rod, thejournal-pin, and the bosses of the treadle are all in communication with each other to permit air to pass thercthrough into the cylinder of the air-pump.

I designates a valve'lever which is arranged on the under side of the operating-treadle, so that it can be adjusted by the foot of the attendant to cut off the supply of air to the pump-eylinder. This lever I is hung or pivoted on a suitable pin, 73, that passes therethrough, and is secured to the treadle to permit thelevertocscillate,and to the forward end of the lever is suitably secured a valve-diskJ, ofrubber orleathcr or any other suitable material, which is normally arranged immediately beneath the hollow lip dof the treadle, so that the valve can be elevated in contact with the valve-seat formed on said depending lip. A tapered pin, j, is secured to the lever and works in the passage of the depending lip to guide the lever and valve to their proper position, and to thus properly seat the valve, and the valve is normally depressed from contact with its seat by a spring, J, that is interposed between the swinging va1ve-lever and the operating treadle, one end of the said valve-lever having a foot-piece,j', which is arranged at one side of the treadle and is normally elevated above the upper surface thereby. It will thus be seen that the front end of the swinging lever and the valve carried thereby are normally depressed below the valve-seat to permit a free circulation of air to the pump-cylinder, and by pressing the foot upon the foot-piece of the swinging lever the front end thereof and the valve will be elevated against the tension of the spring to seat the valve and then cut off the communication between the pump-cylinder and the outer air. The guide-pin serves to properly seat the valve, and the devices are effective and easy of operation and under immediate control of the attendant.

The supply-pipe F from the pump-cylinder to the plugger is of any suitable flexible material and is supported on the standard 13 of the dental engine by brackets F, which comprise curved spring-plates f, between which the flexible pipe is passed and held, a binding screw, f connecting the spring-plates together and to the standard B.

K designates the plugger, which comprises a reciprocating cylinder, K, a piston-rod, L, passing through the heads of the cylinder, and the holder M, having the filling-point L, connected to the extended end of the piston-rod.

The cylinder K of the plugger has a solid integral head, k, through which are drilled or otherwise suitably formed the exhaust-ports k for the escape and admission of air at the back of the piston, and the head k of the cylinder is screwed thereon, so that it can be easily removed. The piston-rod L is made hollow or tubular in form and interiorly screw-threaded at each end, and it is connected with the flexible air-supply pipe F by an intermediate coupling which has a threaded projection which screws into either end of the rod L.

Integral with the rod L is a piston, Z, hav ing on each side at its center solid projections Z l, which surround the rod and receive the blow from the heads of the cylinder as the latter is reciprocated, and the projection Z on the front of the piston is provided with an aperture, Z which communicates with the hollow bore of the rod L, and the said projection Z is further provided with an elastic cushion, U, which maybe of soft rubber or a coiled spring.

The hollow piston-rod passes through the cylinder and has the solid holder M screwed into the threaded free ends thereof, and to the holder is detaehably secured any preferred form of filling-point as may be required in filling various parts of the teeth in different parts of the mouth.

This being the construction of our improved dental plugging apparatus, the operation thereof is as follows: The valve is normally open to the air-supply device for the pumpcylinder, so that the dental engine can be readily operated for the purpose of drilling the teeth withouthinderanee fromtheplngging apparatus; but when it is desired to drive the filling into the teeth the foot of the operator presses upon the foot-piece of the swinging lever to close the valve to the air-supply devices for the pump-cylinder. The treadle is operated by the foot to reciprocate the piston in the pump-cylinder, and on the upstroke of the piston the air in the cylinder is compressed IlO and forced through the supply-pipe to the hollow piston-rod L, from whence it passes through the port Z into the plugger-cylinder 1n front of the piston,driving the cylinder forward and causing the head It to come. in contact with the projections Z* on the piston, thereby imparting a shock to the holder and filling-point and driving the filling into the tooth. As the cylinder moves forward the air at the back of the piston escapes through the ports k in the solid head thereof.

It will be seen that on the upstroke of the piston in the cylinder of the air-pump the air is compressed therein to be forced through the intermediate flexible pipe to the plugger and reciprocates the latter in one direction, and on the downstroke of the said air pump piston the air in the cylinder is rarified and produces a vacuum in the plugger-cylinder, the said cylinder being returned to its normal position by thepressure thereon of the ex ternal air, as is obvious. It will thus be seen that the plugger is alternately filled with compressed air to reciprocate the same in one direction, and a vacuum created therein to adapt it to be moved in the reverse direction, this operation of the cylinder being controlled automatically by the action of the piston in the air-pump cylinder.

In filling a cavity in the back ofa tooth the holder M and supply-pipe F are detached from the rod L and screwed into the opposite ends thereof, so that the head is of the cylinder will be toward the holder M and the head it toward the supply-pipe F. It will thus be seen that the forced stroke of the cylinder will now be in the reverse direction from that described in the former instance,while the operation remains the same. For this purpose the plugger shown in Fig. 8 is used.

It will thus be seen that we provide an improved dental plugger of simple and strong construction which can be easily and readily applied to any form of dental engine, and that it is under the easy and direct control of the operator and attendant.

Having thus fully described our invention,

what we claim as new, and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a dental plugger, the combination, with a standard and treadle of a dental engine,

with a standard and treadle of a dental engine, a

of an air-pump having a hollow piston-rod connected to the treadle, a swinging foot-lever arranged beneath the valve and pivotally connected thereto at an intermediate point of its length, and provided with an upwardly projecting lug, an air valve" carried by the free end of the foot-lever to close communication with the open end of the piston-rod, and a spring acting against the lever, between the pivot-point thereof and the air-valve, to normally depress one'end of thelever, and thereby hold the air-valve' out of contact with its seat and elevate the lug above the plane of the treadle, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination, with a standard of a dental engine, ofa treadle having the bosses provided with a continuous air-passage, an air-pump cylinder supported on the standard, a piston having a hollow rod pivotally connected with the treadle and in communication with the air-passage of. the bosses thereof, and a valve adapted to close one end of the air-passage, substantially as described, for the purpose set. forth.

5. The combination, with a standard of a dentalengine, of an oscillating treadle provided with the projecting boss (I and the hol- 'low threaded boss 01, having the air-passage,

a bearing fitting against the boss d, a pivotpin passing through the bearing and secured to the hollow boss, and provided with the airpassage in communication with the similar passages of the bosses, apumpcylinder, apisten working in the same and having a hollow rod connected to the bearing, with its chamber in communication with the air-passages of the pivot-pin, a swinging lever carried by the treadle and having a valve and a guide-pin, and a spring bearing againstthe lever, substantially as described.

' 6. The combination, with an air-pump, of a piston rod adapted to carry. the filling or plugger point, and a reciprocating cylinder fitted on the piston-rod and actuated by the compressed air from the pump, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our own we have hereto affixed our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIS SHELDON SHERMAN. WALTER K. MOORE. WVitnesses:

J. B. FAIROHILD, W. P. GREENE.

It is hereby certified that Letters Patent No. 367,072, granted July 26, 1887, upon the application of Willis Sheldon Sherman and Walter K. Moore, of Marinette, Wisconsin, for an improvement in Pneumatic Dental Pluggers, was erroneously issued to William O. Wilson as assignee of the entire interest in said invention; that said Letters Patent should have been issued to Willis Sheldon Sherman and William O.

Wilson jointly, said Wilson being the assignee of the interest of Walter K. Moore only; and that said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 9th day of August, A. D. 1887 [SEAL.] H. L. MULDROW,

Acting Secretary of the Interior.

Gountersigned BENTON J. HALL,

' Commissioner of Patents. 

